Heat Transfer Calculator
Calculate heat transfer rates for conduction, convection, and radiation. Solve heat transfer problems with step-by-step solutions and unit conversions.
Step 1: Select Heat Transfer Mode
Understanding Heat Transfer
Heat transfer is the movement of thermal energy from higher temperature to lower temperature regions. The three main modes are conduction (through solids), convection (through fluids), and radiation (through electromagnetic waves).
Step 2: Calculation Options
Heat Transfer Formulas
Conduction: Q = k·A·ΔT / L
Convection: Q = h·A·ΔT
Radiation: Q = ε·σ·A·(T₁⁴ – T₂⁴)
Overall: Q = U·A·ΔT
Heat Transfer Calculation Results
Heat Transfer Rate
Heat Transfer Unit Comparison
| Unit | Abbreviation | Watts Equivalent | Common Use |
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Heat Transfer Calculation Formulas
Conduction
Formula: Q = k × A × ΔT / L
Where: Q = heat transfer rate (W), k = thermal conductivity (W/m·K), A = cross-sectional area (m²), ΔT = temperature difference (K or °C), L = thickness (m)
Example: k = 401 W/m·K, A = 0.01 m², ΔT = 50°C, L = 0.1 m → Q = 401 × 0.01 × 50 / 0.1 = 2005 W
Convection
Formula: Q = h × A × ΔT
Where: Q = heat transfer rate (W), h = convection coefficient (W/m²·K), A = surface area (m²), ΔT = temperature difference (K or °C)
Example: h = 25 W/m²·K, A = 1 m², ΔT = 30°C → Q = 25 × 1 × 30 = 750 W
Radiation
Formula: Q = ε × σ × A × (T₁⁴ – T₂⁴)
Where: Q = heat transfer rate (W), ε = emissivity (0-1), σ = Stefan-Boltzmann constant (5.67×10⁻⁸ W/m²·K⁴), A = surface area (m²), T₁ and T₂ = absolute temperatures (K)
Example: ε = 0.9, A = 1 m², T₁ = 500 K, T₂ = 300 K → Q = 0.9 × 5.67e-8 × 1 × (500⁴ – 300⁴) = 2.83 kW
Overall Heat Transfer
Formula: Q = U × A × ΔT
Where: Q = heat transfer rate (W), U = overall heat transfer coefficient (W/m²·K), A = surface area (m²), ΔT = temperature difference (K or °C)
Example: U = 10 W/m²·K, A = 2 m², ΔT = 60°C → Q = 10 × 2 × 60 = 1200 W
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